House of Culture Toba Qom / OCA

由專筑網小R編譯

“民族發展有著一定的軌跡和一定的起源，民族特征之中，歷史的現代化并沒有讓這些起源的參照消失，甚至是對這些源頭的強調，同時，也正是對這種矛盾的象征表達和集體策略，從而也產生了民族的政治與情感力量�！薄�—Joao Pacheco de Oliveira

國家、宗教、資本的發展破壞了土著社會經濟組織，從而使得社區融入經濟系統，這看起來是擺脫極度貧困的唯一方法，那么未來的發展又是如何呢？

"Ethnicity necessarily supposes a trajectory (...) and an origin (...). What would be characteristic of ethnic identities is that in them the historical actualization does not cancel the feeling of reference to the origin but even reinforces it. It is from the symbolic and collective resolution of this contradiction that comes to the political and emotional strength of ethnicity" Joao Pacheco de Oliveira. The development of the State, religion, and capital has destructured the indigenous socioeconomic organization, forcing the communities to integrate into the economic system, which seems to be the only way out of extreme poverty. How to see the future?











這樣的交流似乎是土著社區對于恢復文化傳統和維護自身權利的契機，為了解決他們的問題，那么人們的參與至關重要，在組織和社區之間建立對話，可以很好地挖掘當前人們所關心的問題，并且給予經濟和技術支持，從而讓他們能夠構思和執行屬于自身的發展策略，那么這也是在Toba Qom社區開展項目研究的一大原因，即了解他們聚集在一起的原因，以及他們目前所遇到的問題和事情的發展方向，設計方案的目標成為設施管理、設計，以及施工的典范，并且通過管理的方式，不僅僅關注于物理形態，同時探索超越建筑的能力。

The exchange seems to be an opportunity for the indigenous communities to recover their cultural traditions and the vindication of their rights. To solve their problems, the full participation of the people is the most important condition. The establishment of a dialogue between the support organizations and the communities could make it possible to identify the current problems of concern and to articulate financial and technical support so that they can elaborate and implement their own development proposals. This is the reason for the research and project carried out in the Toba Qom community: to understand what unites them, the problems they encounter, and their consequences. The proposal seeks to be a model of management, design, and construction of facilities through the management of covenants that do not focus only on the physical but can explore the ability to look beyond architecture.



這里尋求相遇的空間，而最為重要的是兩個方面的交流，首先需要強調使用者的起源感、文化感，以及身份感，同時在這個空間中強調他們的技術、語言、生活習慣，以及與自身社區的聯系感，除此之外則是社區與新事物的接觸，這樣能夠構成經濟的動態聯系，滿足使用者的各項需求，也能夠促進文化的共存。

It seeks to be a space that allows the encounter, but above all the exchange in 2 aspects. One, reinforcing the feeling of origin, of their culture and identity, safeguarding in this space possibilities of strengthening their techniques, languages, gastronomy and their own community bonding. Two, the encounter of the community with new knowledge, the knowledge that allows creating adaptation and connection with economic dynamics, that allow to satisfy their physiological needs and also help the subsistence of their own culture.







設計方案是當地人民物質資源和技術能力的共同成果，社區展示了Karanday枝干處理的良好技能，這些枝干應用于項目的結構體系之中，內部的屋面應用了稻草作為保溫材料，同時在社區的要求下，金屬面板也發揮了很好的安全性和耐用性。

The proposal is the result of the material resources available and the technical capacity of the local people. The community demonstrates very good skills in the handling of Karanday trunks, which end up being proposed as the structuring materials of the project. The roof in its interior uses straw as a thermal protector, and at the request of the community, the metal sheet was used to provide greater security and durability.











他們的生活空間中所遇到的最大問題就是側邊維護，那么考慮到這一點，建筑師建議在這個位置應用生土，從而構成生產諸如壓制土坯等材質的能力，而在這里Toba自身就能夠使其發揮作用。結構體系靈活且獨立，其開放且封閉的形態考慮了景觀朝向，整體空間框架靈活，不同的開口、曲線將外部空間和內部空間結合在一起，整個空間從四個側面都得以開放，整體十分貫通。

The biggest problems encountered in their living spaces are the lateral enclosures, given this, we proposed to mold the earth of the place to install the ability to produce a noble material such as pressed adobe, where the Toba themselves are the ones who find the dosage to make it work. Flexible and independent walls to the structural skeleton, open and close taking into account the orientation and landscape, frame flexible spaces, assuming different sieves, openings, curves that allow integrating parts of the exterior to the interior space, in addition to generating diffuse limits, a space that opens on its 4 sides permeating the encounter.







建筑設計：OCA
類型：學習/教育建筑
面積：144 m2
攝影：Mauricio Paiva
主創建筑師：María Liz Gulino, Luis Godoy, Mauricio Paiva
設計團隊：Guillermo Sequera, Fernando Maidana, Cacique Walter Pino, Ariel Samaniego, Lorena Rios, Manom Vuillermet, Emilie Clemen
客戶：Embajada Australiana, CIRD
合作方：Lorena Ríos, Comunidad Toba Qom
城市：Villa del Rosario
國家：巴拉圭

LEARNING, EDUCATIONAL ARCHITECTURE, REGIONAL
VILLA DEL ROSARIO, PARAGUAY
Architects: OCA
Area: 144 m2
Photographs: Mauricio Paiva
Lead Architects: María Liz Gulino, Luis Godoy, Mauricio Paiva
Design Team:Guillermo Sequera, Fernando Maidana, Cacique Walter Pino, Ariel Samaniego, Lorena Rios, Manom Vuillermet, Emilie Clemen
Clients:Embajada Australiana, CIRD
Colaborators:Lorena Ríos, Comunidad Toba Qom
City:Villa del Rosario
Country:Paraguay